What is “antibiotic resistance" and why is it a major concern in infection prevention?

Antibiotic resistance refers to the phenomenon where bacteria evolve and develop the ability to survive exposure to antibiotics that would normally kill them or inhibit their growth. This resistance is a significant concern in infection prevention because it complicates the treatment of infections, leading to prolonged illness, increased healthcare costs, and a higher risk of mortality. When bacteria become resistant, standard treatments may no longer be effective, necessitating the use of more potent antibiotics that can have more severe side effects and may also contribute to further resistance. This cycle can strain healthcare systems, making it crucial for infection preventionists to implement effective strategies to monitor antibiotic use, promote appropriate prescribing practices, and educate about the importance of completing antibiotic courses to minimize the development of resistance.